Some 50% of women will have had at least one UTI by age 35. If you are one of these women, you need to get UTI treatment right away. There are several oral antibiotics that can successfully treat UTIs within a few days.
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Written by Dr Kimberly Langdon, MD
Information last reviewed 06/21/19
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can be categorized as lower or upper UTIs. Lower UTIs involve the bladder, whereas upper UTIs affect the kidneys. Kidney infections are also referred to as pyelonephritis. Most UTIs can be treated with oral antibiotics such as Nitrofurantoin or Trimethoprim, but some upper UTIs may require hospital admission and IV antibiotics.
UTIs are often caused by bacteria present on the skin near the rectum, vulva, vagina, and urethra. When these bacteria enter the urethra, they can cause a UTI or kidney infection. The most common bacteria involved in UTIs is E-Coli, but there are several other bacteria and some fungi that can cause cystitis.
Various risk factors for UTIs include:
The signs and symptoms of cystitis are:
Some additional symptoms are more common if you have an upper UTI or kidney infection. These include:
If you experience these symptoms, it is a good idea to seek medical attention - you may be admitted to hospital for IV antibiotics and monitoring.
UTIs are generally diagnosed by asking about your symptoms. Sometimes, a urine test will be done to confirm. If you experience recurrent cystitis, a urine culture may be done to learn more about the infection and its cause.
The symptoms of a UTI include:
A urine test involves inserting a dipstick into a urine sample. A dipstick is a card strip with patches containing different chemicals. This is dipped into the urine to identify the presence of blood, glucose (sugar), protein, infection and other factors.
It is worth noting that the symptoms of UTIs can also be caused by other conditions. If your urine test is negative or if your symptoms do not resolve after treatment with antibiotics, you may be evaluated for the following diseases: STIs, cervicitis, vaginitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease.
Without treatment, UTIs will resolve in 20-40% of women. But if a UTI is left untreated, it can travel to the kidneys and cause a kidney infection. Therefore, if you experience UTI symptoms, it is a good idea to speak to a doctor.
Antibiotics such as Trimethoprim or Nitrofurantoin are prescribed for at least three days, but your symptoms may last longer than this.
Avoid risk factors of UTIs. Keep well-hydrated, make sure to completely empty the bladder and for women, always wipe front to back. For recurrent sufferers, urinate as soon as possible after having sex.
The infection can spread into the kidneys where it can reach the bloodstream, potentially leading to a life-threatening condition called sepsis.
Not true, UTIs resolve on their own in 20-40% of women. Antibiotics can be used to treat UTIs and to prevent the infection from spreading to the kidneys where the infection can be much more dangerous.
Urinary tract infections are very common, especially in women and account for 6 million cases annually. They are caused by bacteria and result in pain with urination, lower abdominal pain, and sometimes blood in the urine. The treatment is with antibiotics and sometimes other medications to relieve the pain. In rare circumstances, the infection can travel to the kidneys, but that is more common in the elderly and pregnant women.
Disclaimer: This is not medical advice. You and your physician will determine if and how you should take any medication prescribed to you following a medical consultation.
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