Written by Dr Kim Langdon, MD
Information last reviewed 07/15/19
Lisinopril is a type of high blood pressure treatment called an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or ACE inhibitor. It is also used to treat heart failure. Angiotensin causes the blood vessels to constrict, thus raising the pressure against the walls. Think of a river during white water rafting. When the width narrows, the water speeds up and applies more pressure/turbulence. When the river widens, the flow becomes slower, meaning less force against the banks.
Lisinopril is a type of high blood pressure treatment known as an ACE inhibitor (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor). Angiotensin causes the blood vessels to constrict, thus raising the pressure against the walls. Think of a river during white water rafting. When the width narrows, the water speeds up and applies more pressure/turbulence. When the river widens, the flow becomes slower, meaning less force against the banks. By reducing the conversion of substances into angiotensin, Lisinopril helps to prevent the increase in blood pressure associated with angiotensin.
Lisinopril will take action after about 1 hour of the dose, and the peak effect is at about 6 hours after the dose. The duration of effect is about 24 hours.
Lisinopril can be very effective in managing high blood pressure. Occasionally, your doctor may have to increase the dose to achieve the desired effect. In addition, Lisinopril and other medications of the ACE inhibitor class have been shown to improve outcomes in some patients with heart failure by modulating the neurohormonal system of the heart and kidneys.
The active ingredient in Lisinopril is lisinopril. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor. This means that it works preventing the conversion and lowering the secretion of certain substances in the body which reduces sodium (salt) and water retention in the body. Where sodium goes, water follows. So if you take in too much salt, the water from the tissues travels into the blood to balance the salt. By preventing too much water from entering the blood, the volume inside the blood vessels is reduced, which lowers blood pressure. But in addition, the reduction in sodium allows the blood vessels to dilate, further reducing blood pressure.
The inactive ingredients are:
Calcium phosphate, mannitol, magnesium stearate, and starch. The 10 mg and 20 mg tablets also contain iron oxide.
Lisinopril does not commonly cause a severe allergic reaction in people taking the medication. However, if this is the first time you are taking the medication, please look out for these symptoms. Symptoms include: face swelling, throat tightening, rash, itching, dizziness and trouble breathing. This is a medical emergency so please get medical help right away if you notice this.
Lisinopril doses start at 2.5mg once daily. Depending upon how you respond, your dose may be increased to 5mg or as much as 40mg once a day.
Lisinopril can be taken with or without food, and is given as a single dose daily.
If you miss a dose of Lisinopril, you should take the dose as soon as possible, unless you are within 12 hours of your next dose. Taking doses within 12 hours of each other or taking too much Lisinopril can be dangerous.
Side effects of Lisinopril include:
Lisinopril is not suitable for you if you have any of the following conditions:
Lisinopril should be prescribed and used with caution if you suffer from the following conditions:
Lisinopril can have negative interactions with other drugs including the following:
For patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, lisinopril and other medications of the ACE inhibitor class have been shown to improve outcomes. Cardiologists frequently prescribe Lisinopril to treat patients with heart failure.
Lisinopril, and other medications of the ACE inhibitor class may have cough is a common side effect. This is because ACE inhibitors can cause an increase in a peptid called bradykinin. Elevated bradykinin can cause cough. If you are experiencing cough after starting lisinopril he should speak with your doctor to see if it could be a side effect of the medication.
One of the potentially dangerous allergic reactions to ACE inhibitors is called angioedema. This means swelling of the face, extremities, lips, tongue, or back of the throat, and this can happen anytime during the treatment. If you develop any sort of swelling in those areas while on treatment you should seek immediate medical attention.
Lisinopril can cause a mild increase in your blood potassium level. Most of the time this is not an issue, however you should have your blood levels checked approximately 1 week after starting lisinopril to make sure that your potassium levels and kidney function are adequate.
Lisinopril may be available as a generic medication, from various manufacturers, however the brand name Prinivil is made by Merck.
Disclaimer: This is not medical advice. You and your physician will determine if and how you should take any medication prescribed to you following a medical consultation.
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